Stainless steel
The alloy that gives rise to stainless steel is the result of many years of research, as well as advances in science. It is estimated that it was in 1798, especially in England, where this process began and continues and of which there are currently different types, with specific characteristics and applications, designed according to the needs of the market and the industry.
In scientific terms, the alloy that forms stainless steel is constituted by the base, iron (Fe), which contains mainly chromium (Cr), which gives it its stainless property and, in many cases, nickel (Ni), which gives it resistance to aggressive environments, and molybdenum (Mo), which increases its resistance to corrosion in marine environments, among other elements.
To learn more about the stainless steel production process, we invite you to watch the video “How is stainless steel made?”.
TYPES OF STAINLESS STEEL
Generally speaking, there are three categories of stainless steel products; ferritic stainless steel, which is characterized by its magnetic property, hardness and corrosion resistance. Austenitic stainless steel, which is known for its easy handling and resistance to corrosion and high temperatures. Duplex stainless steel, which combines the best of ferritic and austenitic, although it can be a difficult material to weld. There is also martensitic stainless steel, unique for its hardness and mechanical strength.
USES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF STAINLESS STEEL
Although the main characteristic of stainless steel is its resistance to corrosion, there are other attributes that determine its functionality. It stands out in comparison to other types of steel, for example, its durability and mechanical resistance, its ease of cleaning and maintenance, its resistance to high temperatures and marine environments, as well as its aesthetic properties and its recyclability.
200 series stainless steel is characterized by being resistant in moderately corrosive environments. It is easy to handle and is mainly used in the manufacture of kitchen utensils such as pots, pans, cutlery and other utensils; household appliances, food processing equipment such as tables, shelves, commercial kitchen trolleys, food storage and transport tanks in low corrosive environments.
The 300 series stainless steel materials, such as 304 and 316, fall into the austenitic category and are perhaps the most commonly used stainless steels in industry. They have moderate to high resistance in corrosive environments and are therefore used in kitchen equipment such as tanks, hoppers, conveyors, storage and handling vessels, pots, knives, spoons, forks and other utensils that require safe contact with food; medical equipment such as scalpels, scissors and other equipment that must be kept hygienic and corrosion-free; and for construction such as handrails, stairs, handrails, as well as stainless steel doors and windows.
400 series stainless steel products, within the ferritic category, have lower corrosion resistance compared to austenitics, but can be more economical. They are often used in decoration, household appliances and in parts for the automotive industry such as moldings, grilles and interior sheet metal.
Finally, the 600 series is distinguished by being a highly heat-resistant stainless steel and special alloys with superior mechanical properties. As a result, it is mainly used in the manufacture of gas turbines, aerospace components and industrial furnaces.
If you want to know more about the uses and characteristics of stainless steel, contact us, at INOXCI we seek to inspire confidence among the parties that make up the value chain of our industry, by offering quality products and sharing information that will help you make the best decision for your project.
